[235][236][237] Kolkata is one of the major centres for football in India[238] and houses top national clubs such as Mohun Bagan Athletic Club, East Bengal Club and Mohammedan Sporting Club. Although Hindus are the predominant community, the state has a large minority Muslim population. Following the West Bengal State Assembly Election in 2011, the All India Trinamool Congress and Indian National Congress coalition under Mamata Banerjee of the All India Trinamool Congress was elected to power with 225 seats in the legislature. In urban areas, many women and men wear western attire. The territory of West Bengal is well known for its top-notch sweets. The growth rate was 13.35% in 2014–2015. [102] Prior to this, West Bengal was ruled by the Left Front for 34 years (1977–2011), making it the world's longest-running democratically elected communist government. [4] In 2019, another bill was passed by the government to include Kamtapuri, Kurmali and Rajbanshi as additional official languages in blocks, divisions or districts where the speakers exceed 10% of the population. The state has a total area of 88,752 square kilometres (34,267 sq mi). West Bengal schools are run by the state government or private organisations, including religious institutions. Basirhat is a Lok Sabha / Parliamentary constituency in South East Bengal region of West Bengal in East India. Current Population of West Bengal: 102,741,588: Population of West Bengal in 2019: 101,438,931: Sex Ratio in West Bengal: 952 females per 1,000 males (2018) Literacy Rate: 77.08% [244] In 2008 legendary German goalkeeper, Oliver Kahn played his farewell match on this ground. (1955). Prajna Bhavan, housing the School of Mathematical Sciences and School of RKMVU. It is the largest stadium in India by seating capacity. For West Bengal, Delhi, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat and Punjab, it is “closing now”--2021 being the outer date--according to a 2018 United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) report. West Bengal, unlike most other states of India, is noted for its passion and patronage of football. The Dinhata Municipality has population of 36,124 of which 18,344 are males while 17,780 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. [125], However, over the years due to effective changes in the stance towards industrialisation, ease of doing business has improved in West Bengal. This rural general constituency has an estimated Scheduled Caste population of 25.23% and a Scheduled Tribe population of 6.54%. The city of Kolkata undergoes a transformation during Durga Puja. Multi system operators provide a mix of Bengali, Nepali, Hindi, English and international channels via cable. Among men, western dress has greater acceptance. Out of which 140334 are males while 136079 are females. To get to the population of West Bengal in 2019, the population of the previous 5 years needs to be seen. [3] West Bengal also has the 28th-highest ranking among Indian states in human development index, with the index value being less than that of India. Simultaneously, some parts of the region were ruled by several Hindu states, and Baro-Bhuyan landlords, and part of it was briefly overrun by the Suri Empire. Darjeeling Lok Sabha seat is unreserved. The railway system is a nationalised service without any private investment. On this day, processions begin at the various Buddhist monasteries, or gumpas, and congregate at the Chowrasta (Darjeeling) Mall. [202], Durga Puja is the biggest, most popular and widely celebrated festival in West Bengal. Rabindra Jayanti, Kolkata Book Fair, Kolkata Film Festival, and Nazrul Jayanti. The main seasons are summer, the rainy season, a short autumn and winter. Auxiliary authorities known as panchayats, for which local body elections are regularly held, govern local affairs. In most of the state, cycle rickshaws and in Kolkata, hand-pulled rickshaws and electric rickshaws are used for short-distance travel. The state primarily dependent on agriculture and medium-sized industry, although services and heavy industries play an increasingly significant role in the economy of the country. A small coastal region is in the extreme south, while the Sundarbans mangrove forests form a geographical landmark at the Ganges delta. [121] The state's share of total industrial output in India was 9.8% in 1980–1981, declining to 5% by 1997–1998. [118]:18 As of 2006, the road density of the state was 103.69 kilometres per square kilometre (166.87 miles per square mile), higher than the national average of 74.7 km/km2 (120.2 mi/sq mi). The population of Howrah as per 2019 and in terms of estimates is 1.896 Million + 0.1112 Million = 2.0072 Million. The Left Front, led by the Communist Party of India (Marxist), governed the state for the next three decades. Secondary schools are affiliated with the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE), the Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE), the National Institute of Open School (NIOS), West Bengal Board of Secondary Education, or the West Bengal Board of Madrasah Education. [133][134] The Northeast Frontier Railway (NFR) serves the northern parts of the state. This urban general constituency has an estimated Scheduled Caste population of 11.72% and a Scheduled Tribe population of 1.02%. [82] Damodar, another tributary of the Ganges and once known as the "Sorrow of Bengal" (due to its frequent floods), has several dams under the Damodar Valley Project. [120], Years after independence, West Bengal is dependent on the central government for help in meeting its demands for food; food production remained stagnant, and the Indian green revolution bypassed the state. The Vidyasagar College was established in 1872 and was the first purely Indian-run private college in India. [164][165], A study conducted in three districts of West Bengal found that accessing private health services to treat illness had a catastrophic impact on households. This figure shows that the yearly population increase is of 0.43984 Million. Several independent Hindu states were established in Bengal during the Mughal period, including those of Pratapaditya of Jessore District and Raja Sitaram Ray of Bardhaman. It is celebrated with much fanfare in Kolkata as well as in rural Bengal. [162] Scheduled castes and tribes form 28.6% and 5.8% of the population, respectively, in rural areas and 19.9% and 1.5%, respectively, in urban areas. The British East India Company defeated Siraj ud-Daulah, the last independent Nawab, in the Battle of Plassey in 1757. [172] Other notable figures include Kazi Nazrul Islam, whose compositions form the avant-garde genre of Nazrul Sangeet,[173] Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay, whose works on contemporary social practices in Bengal are widely acclaimed,[174] and Manik Bandyopadhyay, who is considered one of the leading lights of modern Bengali fiction. [39] Following the Ghurid conquests led by Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khalji and the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, it spread across the entire Bengal region. They are as follows: 2014 –4.7 Million; 2015 –4.8 Million; 2016 – 5 Million; 2017 – 5.102 Million; 2018 – 5.2024 Million As of 2014–2015, per capita NSDP at current prices was Rs 78,903. He murdered Rajyavardhana, the Buddhist king of Thanesar, and is noted for destroying the Bodhi tree at Bodhgaya, and replacing Buddha statues with Shiva lingams. [235][236][237], Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}22°34′N 88°22′E / 22.567°N 88.367°E / 22.567; 88.367 (West Bengal), "Paschim Banga" redirects here. During the Islamic Bengal Sultanate, founded in 1352, Bengal was major world trading nation and was often referred by the Europeans as the richest country with which to trade. [222], In addition, the state is home to Kalyani University, The University of Burdwan, Vidyasagar University, and North Bengal University all well as established and nationally renowned schools to cover education needs at the district level and the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata. [176] Other writers include: Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay, best known for his work Pather Panchali; Tarashankar Bandopadhyay, well known for his portrayal of the lower strata of society;[177] Manik Bandopadhyay, a pioneering novelist; and Ashapurna Devi, Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay, Saradindu Bandopadhyay, Buddhadeb Guha, Mahashweta Devi, Samaresh Majumdar, Sanjeev Chattopadhyay, Shakti Chattopadhyay, Buddhadeb Basu,[178] Joy Goswami and Sunil Gangopadhyay. The Farakka barrage over the Ganges feeds the Hooghly branch of the river by a feeder canal. [219] Visva-Bharati University at Santiniketan is a central university and an institution of national importance. All are important cultural events. [166], The latest Sample Registration System (SRS) statistical report shows that West Bengal has the lowest fertility rate among Indian states. ^ Election results 2019: Bengal votes for the BJP, breaks many stereotypes, The Hindu … [143], According to the provisional results of the 2011 national census, West Bengal is the fourth-most-populous state in India with a population of 91,347,736 (7.55% of India's population). [233] Vodafone, Airtel, BSNL, Jio, Reliance Communications, Uninor, Aircel, MTS India, Idea Cellular and Tata DoCoMo are available cellular phone providers. [201], West Bengal produces several varieties of cotton and silk saris in the country. [4] In 2012, the state government passed a bill granting additional official status to Hindi, Odia, Punjabi, Santali and Urdu in areas where speakers exceed 10% of the population. During the Bengal Sultanate, the territory was a major trading nation in the world, and was often referred by the Europeans as the "richest country to trade with". [31] Under Ashoka, the Maurya Empire of Magadha in the 3rd century BCE extended over nearly all of South Asia, including Afghanistan and parts of Balochistan. Handlooms are a popular way for the state's rural population to earn a living through weaving. Trends analysed by Prannoy Roy and his team show that the Muslim votes are significantly divided in Bengal, where their population is twice (28 per cent) that of … To conclude it, the population of West Bengal in 2019 as per estimates = 96.33904 Million. The capital city is Kolkata and it is ever vibrant. Smart cities are being planned close to Kolkata, and major roadway projects are in the offing to revive the economy. Universal suffrage is granted to residents. [175] In modern times, Jibanananda Das has been acknowledged as "the premier poet of the post-Tagore era in India". [233] Private FM stations are available only in cities like Kolkata, Siliguri, and Asansol. [94] The predominant commercial tree species is Shorea robusta, commonly known as the sal tree. Kolkata is the only city in India to have trams as a mode of transport; these are operated by the Calcutta Tramways Company. The University of Calcutta and Jadavpur University are prestigious technical universities. [135] The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway, part of NFR, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. [213], West Bengal has eighteen universities. [86], The "India State of Forest Report 2017", recorded forest area in the state is 16,847 km2 (6,505 sq mi),[87][88] while in 2013, forest area was 16,805 km2 (6,488 sq mi), which was 18.93% of the state's geographical area, compared to the then national average of 21.23%. Singur Block population, religion, caste, sex ratio, literacy rate data. They are as follows: By checking out the population of West Bengal from 2014-18, it is evident that the population has gone up by 2.1992 Million in the previous 5 years. According to the 2011 census, West Bengals scheduled caste population of 1.84 crore is a crucial vote bank. Ancient Bengal was the site of several major Janapadas, while the earliest cities date back to the Vedic period. Migratory birds come to the state during the winter. For example, the foothills of the Himalayas, the Dooars, are densely wooded with sal and other tropical evergreen trees. The Koch dynasty in northern Bengal flourished during the 16th and 17th centuries; it weathered the Mughals and survived until the advent of the British colonial era. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 812 which is 9.93 % of total population of Hingalganj (CT). Population of India 2019- India Population 2019, Most Populated States. [205], Rath Yatra is a Hindu festival which celebrates Jagannath, a form of Krishna. Armed attempts against the British Raj from Bengal reached a climax when news of Subhas Chandra Bose leading the Indian National Army against the British reached Bengal. [146] Marwari, Maithili and Bhojpuri speakers are scattered throughout the state; various indigenous ethnic Buddhist communities such as the Sherpas, Bhutias, Lepchas, Tamangs, Yolmos and ethnic Tibetans can be found in the Darjeeling Himalayan hill region. 1202", "West Bengal may be renamed PaschimBanga", "Assembly drops West, renames State as Bengal", "Foreign ministry turns down Mamata Banerjee's 'Bangla' for West Bengal", "West Bengal to send another proposal to Centre on changing its name", "Intolerance debate: How some historical brutalities are more special than others", "Red-hand Buddha: 14 killed in Nandigram re-entry bid", "Defeat rocks India's elected communists", "Is West Bengal's economy actually reviving under Mamata Banerjee? Population, Religion, Caste, Literacy, Sex ratio data of Hugli District as per Census 2011. [15] West Bengal has two World Heritage sites and ranks as the seventh-most visited tourist destination in India. Images of Jagannath are set upon a chariot and pulled through the streets. [97] The high-altitude forests of Singalila National Park shelter barking deer, red panda, chinkara, takin, serow, pangolin, minivet and kalij pheasants. [4] As of 2001, in decreasing order of number of speakers, the languages of the state are: Bengali (85.27%), Hindi (7.17%), Santali (2.80%), Urdu (2.06%), and Nepali (1.28%). Together with Bangladesh, it comprises of the ethnosemantic zone of Bengal. West Bengal is a state located in east India and the fourth populated state. [34] Shashanka is often recorded in Buddhist annals as an intolerant Hindu ruler noted for his persecution of the Buddhists. KOLKATA: The West Bengal government on Monday stayed all activities relating to the preparation and update of the National Population Register … [114] GSDP percent growth at current prices varied from a low of 10.3% in 2010–2011 to a high of 17.11% in 2013–2014. [28] Bengal had overseas trade relations with Suvarnabhumi (Burma, Lower Thailand, the Lower Malay Peninsula and Sumatra). In this region is Sandakfu, which, at 3,636 m (11,929 ft), is the highest peak in the state. Dinhata is a Municipality city in district of Koch Bihar, West Bengal. [196] Common spices found in a Bengali kitchen include cumin, ajmoda (radhuni), bay leaf, mustard, ginger, green chillies and turmeric. The Rarh region intervenes between the Ganges delta in the east and the western plateau and high lands. [85] West Bengal receives the Bay of Bengal branch of the Indian Ocean monsoon that moves in a southeast to northwest direction. In early summer, brief squalls and thunderstorms known as Kalbaisakhi, or Nor'westers, often occur. [197] Sweets occupy an important place in the diet of Bengalis and at their social ceremonies. They celebrate the end of Ramadan with prayers, alms-giving, shopping, gift-giving, and feasting. [5] The state government debt of ₹4.0 lakh crore (US$56 billion), or 32.6% of GSDP, is fifth highest India, but has dropped from 40.65% since 2010–11. [104], As of 2017, West Bengal is divided into 23 districts. The population of India is rising at alarming rate and this is why the country is known as the second most populous country in the world after China. The Bengal Sultanate was interrupted for twenty years by a Hindu uprising under Raja Ganesha. [58][59] Clashes with the administration took place at several controversial locations over the issue of industrial land acquisition. [152] Muslims, the second-largest community as well as the largest minority group, comprise 27.01% of the total population,[153] Sikhism, Christianity, Buddhism and other religions make up the remainder. In 2012, Uttar Pradesh had the largest number of cattle but this population has come down by almost 4 per cent since. As of 2011, Hinduism is the most common religion, with adherents representing 70.54% of the total population. [234], Cricket and association football are popular sports in the state. As of December 2018, the Member of Parliament from Bishnupur was: Khan Saumitra (TMC) . [158] As of 2011, West Bengal had a population density of 1,029 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,670/sq mi) making it the second-most densely populated state in India, after Bihar. [51] Bengal suffered from the Great Bengal famine in 1943, which claimed three million lives during World War II. [49], The Bengal Renaissance and the Brahmo Samaj socio-cultural reform movements significantly influenced the cultural and economic life of Bengal. The state tourism department organises a gala Christmas Festival every year in Park Street. The estimated literacy level of Dum Dum is 90.66%. Eventually, every year the population increases by 0.1112 Million. GSDP at current prices (base 2004–2005) has increased from Rs 2,086.56 billion in 2004–05 to Rs 8,00,868 crores in 2014–2015,[113] reaching Rs 10,21,000 crores in 2017–18. Monsoons bring rain to the whole state from June to September. It was absorbed into the Mughal Empire in 1576. Jhargram Election Results 2019 @ 8:33 AM: The votes counting has begun and all eyes are on the Jhargham constituency. [29] According to the Sri Lankan chronicle Mahavamsa, Prince Vijaya (c. 543 – c. 505 BCE), a Vanga Kingdom prince, conquered Lanka (modern-day Sri Lanka) and named the country Sinhala Kingdom. Besides Buddha Purnima, Dashain, or Dusshera, Holi, Diwali, Losar, Namsoong or the Lepcha New Year, and Losoong are the other major festivals of the Darjeeling Himalayan region. [77][78], West Bengal is on the eastern bottleneck of India, stretching from the Himalayas in the north to the Bay of Bengal in the south. The population density of the state is about 1030 persons per square kilometer. Broadband Internet is available in select towns and cities and is provided by the state-run BSNL and by other private companies. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport is a hub for flights to and from Bangladesh, East Asia, Nepal, Bhutan and north-east India. Will the Muslims, constituting 27% of the State’s population… Their social reforms eventually led to a cultural atmosphere that made it possible for practices like sati, dowry, and caste-based discrimination, or untouchability, to be abolished. Its water flow management has been a source of lingering dispute between India and Bangladesh. West Bengal includes the Darjeeling Himalayan hill region, the Ganges delta, the Rarh region and the coastal Sundarbans. Bengalis, consisting of Bengali Hindus, Bengali Muslims, Bengali Christians and a few Bengali Buddhists, comprise the majority of the population. 70.54%. Instruction is mainly in English or Bengali, though Urdu is also used, especially in Central Kolkata. [95], The distribution of vegetation in northern West Bengal is dictated by elevation and precipitation. The Bose Institute, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute Durgapur, Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibers, National Institute of Research on Jute and Allied Fibre Technology, Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (NIBMG), Kalyani, and the Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre are the most prominent. [98] The mangrove forest also acts as a natural fish nursery, supporting coastal fishes along the Bay of Bengal. West Bengal politics underwent a major change when the Left Front won the 1977 assembly election, defeating the incumbent Indian National Congress. ", Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India, "Bengal beats India in Muslim growth rate", "Table 1: Distribution of population, sex ratio, density and decadal growth rate of population: 2011", Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India, "Table 2(3): Literates and literacy rates by sex : 2011", Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, "Table 162, Number and Percentage of Population Below Poverty Line", "With 76 Towns And Cities Already Open Defecation Free, West Bengal Aims To Reach The 100% Mark by the End of This Year", "Catastrophic Health Care Payment: how much protected are the users of public hospitals? India’s solitary Chinatown is placed in eastern Kolkata. [129] West Bengal has been able to attract 2% of the foreign direct investment in the last decade.[130]. Some prominent financial dailies such as: The Economic Times, Financial Express, Business Line and Business Standard are widely circulated. [12] Today, the economy of West Bengal is the sixth-largest state economy in India with a gross state domestic product (GSDP) of ₹12.54 lakh crore (US$180 billion),[3] and has the country's 23rd-highest GSDP per capita of ₹115,748 (US$1,600). [193] The region was also home to several religious teachers, such as Chaitanya, Ramakrishna, Prabhupada and Paramahansa Yogananda. C. V. Raman was awarded the Nobel Prize for his discovery (Raman Effect) done at the IACS. The state is a basic agricultural producer and it is the 6th major contributor to the GDP of the country. [139] There is passenger service to Port Blair on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. [184] From the early 1990s, new genres of music have emerged, including what has been called Bengali Jeebonmukhi Gaan (a modern genre based on realism). Kolkata: The Jhargram Lok Sabha constituency in the state of West Bengal goes to polls on May 12 in the sixth phase of the 2019 general elections. [23][24][25], Stone Age tools dating back 20,000 years have been excavated in the state, showing human occupation 8,000 years earlier than scholars had thought. The western part went to the Dominion of India and was named West Bengal. [207], Ganga Sagar Mela coincides with the Makar Sankranti, and hundreds of thousands of Hindu pilgrims converge where the river Ganges meets the sea to bathe en masse during this fervent festival.[206]. West Bengal (/bɛnˈɡɔːl/) is a state in the eastern region of India along the Bay of Bengal. , Eid al-Fitr is the biggest, most popular and widely celebrated festival in West Bengal is accompanied. [ 167 ], the Kingdom of Magadha served as the seat of the best sorts of and. Subdivided into sub-divisions, governed the state underwent political violence and economic life of Bengal and jazz numbers India! 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